Volume 13 (2026) - Issue 8, August
Review Articles
HERBAL MODULATION OF HYPERGLYCEMIA VIA AMPK ACTIVATION
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia arising from insulin resistance and progressive β-cell dysfunction. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a heterotrimeric serine/threonine kinase and central cellular energy sensor, has emerged as an attractive pharmacological target because its activation enhances periphe...
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RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: HERBAL DRUG APPROACHES
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term systemic autoimmune disease marked by systemic problems, progressive joint deterioration, and persistent synovial inflammation. Environmental contaminants, asbestos and silica dust from the workplace, smoking, vitamin D insufficiency, and hormonal factors all contribute to oxidative stress and immunological activation, which in turn promotes autoimmunity an...
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COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF THE BOTANICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ADENIUM OBESUM (APOCYNACEAE)
Adenium obesum, commonly known as Desert Rose, belongs to the family Apocynaceae and is widely distributed in Africa and tropical regions. Traditionally valued as an ornamental and medicinal plant, it possesses diverse pharmacological properties attributed to its rich phytochemical composition, including alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds. Various studie...
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PHYTOCHEMICALS OF AEGLE MARMELOS FRUIT AND THEIR POTENTIAL ROLE IN HEALTH REGULATION: A REVIEW
Aegle marmelos or bael fruit is an important source of traditional medicine and attracts much attention because of the different phytochemistry in its composition as well as many health benefits. This review focuses on phytochemicals in bael fruits and their potential effects on health management. Different bioactive compounds are present in the fruit including tannins, coumarins, alkaloids, flavo...
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BRYOPHYLLUM PINNATUM (MIRACLE LEAF): A REVIEW OF ITS PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES
Bryophyllum pinnatum or Kalanchoe pinnata, commonly known as the air plant, life plant, or miracle leaf, belongs to the Crassulaceae family. Due to its strong nephroprotective (kidney-protecting) and anti-urolithiatic qualities, this prospective medicinal plant is widely used, especially for the treatment of kidney and gall bladder stones. A comprehensive review was conducted through an online stu...
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Research Articles
EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC AND ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC FLOWER EXTRACT OF MICROCOS PANICULATA
The present study was to investigate the analgesic and anthelmintic activities of ethanolic flower extract of Microcos paniculata, a member of the Malvaceae family. The analgesic activity was evaluated for its peripheral pharmacological activity using acetic acid induced writhing method in swiss albino mice at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight and displayed significant analgesic action in...
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PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAVES
The present study undertook a systematic, comprehensive pharmacognostical, phytochemical, and pharmacological investigation of Moringa oleifera leaves. The investigation was designed to address identified research gaps pertaining to the standardization, phytochemical characterization, and biological activity evaluation of this pharmacologically significant plant. Pharmacognostical characterization...
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NANOFORMULATION OF CURCUMIN AND ITS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EVALUATION
Curcumin, the principal polyphenolic constituent of Curcuma longa (turmeric), possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity. Despite remarkable pharmacological potential, clinical translation of curcumin is severely restricted by its drawbacks. The present study aimed to develop, optimize, and evaluate curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles using Box-Behnken Design (BBD), and to compare their in-vit...
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HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS AND MULTIFACETED CHARACTERIZATION OF FLUORESCENT NITROGEN-DOPED CARBON DOTS FOR PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as an important class of carbon-based nanomaterials owing to their excellent photoluminescence, biocompatibility, low toxicity, aqueous dispersibility, and versatile surface chemistry. The present study focused on the synthesis and physicochemical characterization of nitrogen-doped carbon dots prepared through a simple hydrothermal method using citric acid monohydrat...
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF POLYHERBAL GEL FOR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
The present study was designed to develop, optimise, and comprehensively evaluate a polyherbal antimicrobial gel made up from Azadirachta indica, Curcuma longa, Curcuma longa, Aloe vera, and Centella asiatica. Dry powder extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, quantitative estimation of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), and validated HPTL.C In ...
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DEVELOPMENT AND STANDARDIZATION OF POLYHERBAL ANTIDIABETIC FORMULATION
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder of global epidemic proportions, characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia. Current pharmacological agents, despite their efficacy, has some disadvantages. The present study was designed to develop, optimise, and standardise a polyherbal antidiabetic tablet formulation comprising five scientifically validated medicinal plants Gymnema syl...
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PHARMACOGNOSTIC EVALUATION AND STANDARDISATION OF THE STEM BARK OF TERMINALIA TOMENTOSA ROXB.
Background: Terminalia tomentosa Roxb. (Combretaceae), commonly known as the crocodile-bark tree, is a large deciduous tree whose stem bark occupies a prominent place in Ayurvedic, Siddha and folk medicine systems across India for the management of diarrhoea, bronchitis, fractures, haemorrhages and inflammatory conditions. Despite this long traditional use, the stem bark has not been subjected to ...
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PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND QUALITATIVE ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF TECTONA GRANDIS AND ANNONA SQUAMOSA ON HELA CELL LINE
Tectona grandis and Annona squamosa are two medicinal plants of Lamiaceae and Annonaceae families respectively. Both of them are traditionally used to treat various diseases. As cancer is a life-threatening disease and cervical cancer is one of the most dangerous types of cancer, currently researchers' goal is to investigate natural sources of anticancer agents. The objective of the present resear...
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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF POLYHERBAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY OINTMENT FROM AMARANTHUS SPECIES
Background/Objective: Inflammation is a protective response of the body against harmful stimuli such as pathogens, tissue injury and irritants however, chronic inflammation is associated with ailments including Arthritis, Cardiovascular disorders and autoimmune conditions. Methods: Dried leaves of both the species were extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol and concentrated by rotary evaporator...
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STUDY OF EFFECT OF STERCULIA FOETIDA SEEDS ON INSULIN RESISTANCE IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS MODEL IN RATS
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism. With the rising interest in plant-based interventions, Sterculia foetida seeds have attracted attention for their potential antidiabetic properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Sterculia foetida seed extract on insulin resistance in a rat model of T2DM. Male Wistar rats were divi...
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