Posted by admin on May 15, 2026 in |
Herbal mosquito repellents are natural products designed to repel mosquitoes and other biting insects. They are made from plant-based ingredients, including essential oils, herbs, and other botanical extracts. Mosquito-borne diseases, including malaria, dengue, and Zika, constitute a formidable global health challenge, resulting in approximately 750,000 fatalities annually. This study aims to address this issue by formulating a plant-based mosquito repellent that prioritizes human safety and environmental sustainability. Citronella oil, thuja oil, lemongrass oil, rosemery oil renowned for its distinctive aroma, owes its insect-repellent properties to a combination of key constituents, including citronellal, eugenol, geraniol, and limonene. We used steam distillation and Clavanger apparatus for the extraction of oils. Three formulations, F1, F5 and F6, were developed with varying concentrations of these oils along with other excipients such as Bees wax, Glycerine, Cetyl alcohol, and Distilled water. The preparation involved separate heating and mixing of oil and water phases, followed by their combination to form a consistent cream. The study highlights the potential of natural oils in creating effective and...
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Posted by admin on May 15, 2026 in |
Saral virechan churna and Swadishtha virechan churna are polyherbal formulation primarily used in constipation. Saral virechan contains liquorice, fennel, himaj, pepper, ginger, sindhavmithu, sakar and suddha sulphur, while Swadishtha virechan contains liquorice, fennel, senna, sakar and suddha sulphur. The present study was carried out to establish quality parameters of Saral virechan and Swadistha virechan churna by undertaking extensive studies of them. Morphological and microscopical studies of churna along with evaluation of physicochemical parameters were carried out. Saral virechan churna is fibrous, brownish green in colour, pungent with aromatic odour, whereas Swadishtha virechan churna is fibrous, green, sweet and aromatic. Powder study of Saral virechan churna showed starch grains, parenchyma, fragment of vittae, endocarp, stone cells and xylem vessels, while fragment of vittae, warty trichomes, endocarp, epicarp, lignified and non-lignified fibers, cluster of calcium oxalate found in Swadistha virechan churna. Phytochemical screening indicated presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols and triterpenoids, phenolics, tannins, saponins and carbohydrates in both the formulations and additionally anthraquinone glycosides in Saral virechan churna. The content of...
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Posted by admin on May 15, 2026 in |
Malaria remains a major global health concern due to increasing resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to existing antimalarial drugs. The present study evaluates the in-vitro anti-plasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Bauhinia variegata. Extracts were prepared using Soxhlet and maceration methods and subjected to phytochemical screening. Anti-plasmodial activity was assessed against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and resistant (Dd2) strains using a microfluorimetric DNA-based assay, while cytotoxicity was evaluated on PBMCs using the trypan blue exclusion method. The methanolic extract exhibited potent activity with low IC₅₀ values (1.32 and 1.54 µg/mL) and high selectivity indices, along with low cytotoxicity. The aqueous extract showed moderate activity. Hemolytic studies confirmed minimal toxicity to erythrocytes. These findings suggest that B. variegata, particularly its methanolic extract, holds promise as a potential source of novel antimalarial...
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Posted by admin on May 15, 2026 in |
Excessive alcohol consumption is a major cause of gastric mucosal injury, primarily mediated by oxidative stress, inflammation, and disruption of gastric acid balance. Although proton pump inhibitors and H2-receptor antagonists are standard treatments, their long-term use is associated with adverse effects and high costs, necessitating safer and more affordable alternatives. Curcuma longa, a medicinal plant rich in phenolic compounds, has been traditionally used for gastrointestinal disorders. This study evaluated its gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced gastric toxicity in rats. Ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa was prepared and analyzed for total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Thirty rats were divided into six groups: control, ethanol control, extract-treated groups (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg), and omeprazole (20 mg/kg). Following ethanol administration, gastric parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers [malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)], and histopathological changes were evaluated. The extract showed concentration-dependent increases in TPC (4.61 ± 0.57 mg GAE/g) and TAC (1.32 ± 0.09 mg AAE/g). Ethanol significantly increased ulcer index, gastric acidity, and MDA...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2026 in |
The present study involves the development and validation of simple, accurate, and precise analytical methods for the simultaneous estimation of Alprazolam and Sertraline Hydrochloride in combined pharmaceutical dosage forms. Two methods were developed: UV spectrophotometry and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The UV spectrophotometric method utilized the simultaneous equation method based on absorbance measurements at 260 nm and 273 nm, the respective λmax values of Alprazolam and Sertraline HCl. Both drugs obeyed Beer’s Law in the concentration range of 5–50 μg/mL, with high correlation coefficients, indicating good linearity. The method showed satisfactory precision and accuracy, making it suitable for routine analysis. The RP-HPLC method was performed using a C18 column and a mobile phase composed of methanol, acetonitrile, and phosphate buffer (pH 4.5) in the ratio 50:15:35 v/v, at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Detection was carried out at 239 nm, and the retention times were found to be approximately 3.0 minutes for Alprazolam and 6.4 minutes for Sertraline HCl. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines, and parameters such as specificity,...
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