Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2022 in |
Public health challenge due to respiratory tract infections has necessitated vehement research for promising substances against the causative agents. The leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora (E. citriodora, Myrtaceae) are used in Nigeria as tea, infusion or steam inhalation by patients as an alternative medicine to clear the airway and relieve symptoms; however, no scientific evidence exists to support or debunk this claim. This study aimed to evaluate the in-vitro antimicrobial effect of E. citriodora leaf essential oil and crude extracts against selected pathogens implicated in respiratory tract infections. The fresh leaves of E. citriodora were collected, identified and subjected to exhaustive fractionated extraction. The leaf essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation using Clevenger-type apparatus and characterized using GC-MS. Aqueous extracts were obtained by hot infusion and decoction and characterized using HPLC-UV-DAD. The susceptibility of test pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella paratyphi ATCC 9150 Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Klebsiella pneumonia and Streptococcus pneumonia to the extracts were evaluated by agar well diffusion...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2022 in |
Lamium amplexicaule L. is a genus of the family Lamiaceae. This plant species has been used widely in traditional medicines to treat many disorders. Phytochemical screening (qualitative and quantitative), antioxidant capacity, total phenol, and total flavonoid content were analyzed in a crude extract of leaves. The extract was prepared in aqua-methanol and aqua acetone in 30:70. Antioxidant capacity was analyzed in both extracts through (2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Free Radical Scavenging Assay, FRAP (Ferric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Potential), FCA (Fe2+ Ion Chelating Activity), Phosphomolybdenum assay (TAA), Total Phenol Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC). Both extracts showed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, proteins, phenols, saponins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, quinones, oils, and resins. The result for antioxidant assay (DPPH, FRAP, FCA and TAA) was comparatively higher in aqua-methanol than in aqua-acetone. TFC values were higher in aqua-acetone, while TPC in aqua-methanol extract. Thus, the plant species can be used as a potent source of ayurvedic...
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Posted by admin on Aug 31, 2022 in |
Background: The current study was conducted at the department of veterinary pharmacology and toxicology to assess the impact of Emblica officinalis on oxidative stress produced by sub-acute enrofloxacin exposure in albino rats. Methodology: Albino rats weighing 200-300 grams were given enrofloxacin and Emblica officinalis orally through gavage needle. Blood samples were taken via capillary tube on the 28th day of the experiment and analyzed using laboratory procedures. Result: Sub-acute treatment of enrofloxacin at doses of 5 mg/kg b.wt. and 10 mg/kg b.wt. generated oxidative stress in rats, as evidenced by substantial changes in oxidative parameters, and affected liver and kidney functions, as seen by changes in biochemical markers of liver and kidney function. Emblica officinalis aqueous extract (200 mg/kg b. wt.) effectively reduces oxidative stress and changes in hepatic and renal function caused by enrofloxacin. Conclusion: Emblica officinalis (Amla) has antioxidant properties and can reduce oxidative stress caused by enrofloxacin in albino rats following sub-acute...
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Posted by admin on Jul 31, 2022 in |
Natural herbs have had to show profound action for many years. The phytochemicals present in plants responsible for preventing disease and promoting health have been studied extensively to establish their efficacy and understand their action’s underlying mechanism. Such studies have included identifying and isolating the chemical components and establishing their biological potency both by in-vitro and in-vivo studies in experimental animals and through epidemiological and clinical-case control studies in man. The present work describes “Isolation, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Madhuca longifolia seeds”. The seeds were collected, authenticated, shade dried and powdered using a mechanical grinder. The powdered material was extracted by the Soxhletion method by using solvents in increasing order of polarity i.e, hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The percentage yield of hexane extract was found to be (57.8%), ethyl acetate extract (4.6%) and methanolic extract (18.9%) was respect to the powdered crude drug. Each extract was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening using standard phytochemical methods. The hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were found to be rich...
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Posted by admin on Jun 30, 2022 in |
Phytopharmacology is always a vital way for drug discovery. Antibiotic resistance is rising as a challenging threat day by day. Diarrhea and pain are always common problems. The present study was designed to evaluate the Analgesic, Antidiarrhoeal, and Antibacterial activities of ethanol extracts of leaf of Limnophila polystachya Benth by different methods. The analgesic activity of the samples was studied using the acetic acid-induced writhing model in mice. The Thomas method observed castor oil-induced antidiarrheal activity, and antimicrobial activity was monitored by the disc diffusion method. At a higher dose (500 mg/kg), Limnophila polystachya Benth inhibited 65.79 % and 63.16 % writhing of stem and leaf acetone extracts, respectively, compared to standard drug Diclofenac sodium inhibited 78.07 %writhing. Further study is needed to find possible active ingredients and mechanisms of action as well. At a higher dose (500 mg/kg) of the acetone stem and leaf extracts, significant inhibition of 50.58 and 52.87 % of characteristic diarrhoeal feces was observed, respectively, and at a lower dose (250 mg/kg) of both...
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