Posted by admin on May 15, 2026 in |
A naturally occurring dihydrochalcone glycoside, Phlorizin, is mostly found in apple tree species and other Rosaceae family members. Its diverse range of biological actions, including antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-obesity properties, has garnered significant scientific attention. The creation of contemporary SGLT2 inhibitor medications used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus was made possible by phlorizin, which is historically acknowledged as the first inhibitor of sodium–glucose cotransporters (SGLTs) to be discovered. Phlorizin has strong pharmacological activity; however, its fast hydrolysis and poor oral bioavailability limit its therapeutic use. Phlorizin’s chemical structure, physicochemical characteristics, biosynthesis, extraction methods, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, mechanisms of action, therapeutic potentials, toxicity profile, formulation strategies, and future research are all covered in detail in this study. This study provides a comprehensive overview of phlorizin, including its chemical structure, physicochemical properties, biosynthesis, extraction techniques, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, mechanisms of action, therapeutic potentials, toxicity profile, formulation strategies, and future research prospects. Consolidating existing knowledge and highlighting phlorizin’s translational potential in pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences are the goals of...
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Posted by admin on May 15, 2026 in |
Malaria remains a major global health concern due to increasing resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to existing antimalarial drugs. The present study evaluates the in-vitro anti-plasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Bauhinia variegata. Extracts were prepared using Soxhlet and maceration methods and subjected to phytochemical screening. Anti-plasmodial activity was assessed against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and resistant (Dd2) strains using a microfluorimetric DNA-based assay, while cytotoxicity was evaluated on PBMCs using the trypan blue exclusion method. The methanolic extract exhibited potent activity with low IC₅₀ values (1.32 and 1.54 µg/mL) and high selectivity indices, along with low cytotoxicity. The aqueous extract showed moderate activity. Hemolytic studies confirmed minimal toxicity to erythrocytes. These findings suggest that B. variegata, particularly its methanolic extract, holds promise as a potential source of novel antimalarial...
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Posted by admin on May 15, 2026 in |
Excessive alcohol consumption is a major cause of gastric mucosal injury, primarily mediated by oxidative stress, inflammation, and disruption of gastric acid balance. Although proton pump inhibitors and H2-receptor antagonists are standard treatments, their long-term use is associated with adverse effects and high costs, necessitating safer and more affordable alternatives. Curcuma longa, a medicinal plant rich in phenolic compounds, has been traditionally used for gastrointestinal disorders. This study evaluated its gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced gastric toxicity in rats. Ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa was prepared and analyzed for total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Thirty rats were divided into six groups: control, ethanol control, extract-treated groups (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg), and omeprazole (20 mg/kg). Following ethanol administration, gastric parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers [malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)], and histopathological changes were evaluated. The extract showed concentration-dependent increases in TPC (4.61 ± 0.57 mg GAE/g) and TAC (1.32 ± 0.09 mg AAE/g). Ethanol significantly increased ulcer index, gastric acidity, and MDA...
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Posted by admin on May 15, 2026 in |
Andhra Pradesh possesses remarkable floristic diversity due to its varied geography, climate, coastal plains, Eastern Ghats, and dry deciduous forest regions. For generations, tribal groups and rural communities in the state have relied on ethnomedicinal plants as an important source of primary healthcare. This study presents a comprehensive account of 59 ethnomedicinal plant species belonging to 35 different families traditionally used across various parts of Andhra Pradesh. These documented plant species are widely utilized for managing common health conditions such as fever, diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, skin diseases, respiratory problems, inflammatory conditions, liver ailments, wounds and reproductive health issues. Various plant parts including roots, rhizomes, stems, leaves, bark, flowers, fruits, seeds, and whole plants are employed in preparing traditional remedies. Their therapeutic value is associated with bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, and phenolic substances. Proper documentation of these plant species is vital for safeguarding indigenous knowledge and promoting the sustainable use of medicinal plant resources. Moreover, scientific validation through phytochemical and pharmacological studies is...
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Posted by admin on May 15, 2026 in |
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine characterized by hyperandrogenism, hormonal imbalances, and metabolic disruptions, leading to reproductive complications and increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. While lifestyle modifications are the cornerstone of PCOS management, pharmacological interventions, including metformin, oral contraceptives, and anti-androgens, are commonly utilized. Recently, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) have shown promising results in PCOS management. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder that causes an females with PCOS also experience chronic inflammation. This hormonal imbalance and persistent inflammation can reduce muscle strength and mass. Consequently, this may affect the lumbopelvic muscles, potentially leading to postural abnormalities and spinal misalignment. The study’s goals were to find out how the biomechanics of women with PCOS differ from those who did not have the condition and to confirm the link between lumbopelvic parameters and the LH/FSH ratio in women with PCOS. The researcher conducted a case-control study on 95 nulliparous females, with 52 having PCOS and classified as a study...
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