Posted by admin on May 15, 2026 in |
Malaria remains a major global health concern due to increasing resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to existing antimalarial drugs. The present study evaluates the in-vitro anti-plasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Bauhinia variegata. Extracts were prepared using Soxhlet and maceration methods and subjected to phytochemical screening. Anti-plasmodial activity was assessed against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and resistant (Dd2) strains using a microfluorimetric DNA-based assay, while cytotoxicity was evaluated on PBMCs using the trypan blue exclusion method. The methanolic extract exhibited potent activity with low IC₅₀ values (1.32 and 1.54 µg/mL) and high selectivity indices, along with low cytotoxicity. The aqueous extract showed moderate activity. Hemolytic studies confirmed minimal toxicity to erythrocytes. These findings suggest that B. variegata, particularly its methanolic extract, holds promise as a potential source of novel antimalarial...
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Posted by admin on May 15, 2026 in |
Excessive alcohol consumption is a major cause of gastric mucosal injury, primarily mediated by oxidative stress, inflammation, and disruption of gastric acid balance. Although proton pump inhibitors and H2-receptor antagonists are standard treatments, their long-term use is associated with adverse effects and high costs, necessitating safer and more affordable alternatives. Curcuma longa, a medicinal plant rich in phenolic compounds, has been traditionally used for gastrointestinal disorders. This study evaluated its gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced gastric toxicity in rats. Ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa was prepared and analyzed for total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Thirty rats were divided into six groups: control, ethanol control, extract-treated groups (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg), and omeprazole (20 mg/kg). Following ethanol administration, gastric parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers [malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)], and histopathological changes were evaluated. The extract showed concentration-dependent increases in TPC (4.61 ± 0.57 mg GAE/g) and TAC (1.32 ± 0.09 mg AAE/g). Ethanol significantly increased ulcer index, gastric acidity, and MDA...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2026 in |
The present study involves the development and validation of simple, accurate, and precise analytical methods for the simultaneous estimation of Alprazolam and Sertraline Hydrochloride in combined pharmaceutical dosage forms. Two methods were developed: UV spectrophotometry and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The UV spectrophotometric method utilized the simultaneous equation method based on absorbance measurements at 260 nm and 273 nm, the respective λmax values of Alprazolam and Sertraline HCl. Both drugs obeyed Beer’s Law in the concentration range of 5–50 μg/mL, with high correlation coefficients, indicating good linearity. The method showed satisfactory precision and accuracy, making it suitable for routine analysis. The RP-HPLC method was performed using a C18 column and a mobile phase composed of methanol, acetonitrile, and phosphate buffer (pH 4.5) in the ratio 50:15:35 v/v, at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. Detection was carried out at 239 nm, and the retention times were found to be approximately 3.0 minutes for Alprazolam and 6.4 minutes for Sertraline HCl. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines, and parameters such as specificity,...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2026 in |
The antihelmintic activity of Causonis trifolia (Family: Vitaceae), Alstonia scholaris (Family: Apocynaceae), Trewia nudiflora (Family: Euphorbiaceae), Echinochloa crus-galli (Family: Poaceae), Cynodon dactylon (Family: Poaceae), Clerodendrum viscosum (Family: Lamiaceae) sometimes Verbenaceae, Aegle marmelos (Family: Rutaceae), Mentha australis (Australian mint) (Family: Lamiaceae) was studied against adult earthworms (Pheretima posthuma). The extract showed anthelmintic activity at the doses of 25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, and 100 mg/ml, although the reference standard used was albendazole (10 mg/ml). But the 100 mg/ml had the higher strong anthelmintic effect. Causonis trifolia, Alstonia scholaris, Trewia nudiflora, Echinochloa crus-galli, Cynodon dactylon, Clerodendrum viscosum, Aegle marmelos, and Australian mint caused paralysis and death of the earthworms at this concentration in about 88 min and 229min, 423min and 461min, 247min and 319min, 468min and 540 min, 440 min and 520 min, 61 min and 215 min, 270 min and 346 min, 328 min and 366 min, respectively. However, the extract of Clerodendrum viscosum at 100 mg/ml induced paralysis and death at about 61 min and 215 min,...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2026 in |
Nowadays, intensive use of several forms of synthetic antibiotics to treat bacterial infections has resulted dramatically in emergence of resistant pathogenic microorganisms, often due to indiscriminate use of these substances. The present study was carried to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activities of different concentrations of methanol extracts of Rhodomenia palmata and Sargassum swartzii collected from Manappad, the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India. The methanol extracts of selected two marine macro algae were screened against Bacillus subtilis, B. pumilus, Micrococcus luteus, Staphyloccous aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella enterica, Vibrio chloerae and five yeast viz., Candida albicans, C. glabarata, C. tropicalis, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, C. guilliermondii, Merozyma gulliermondii and Candida lusitaniae and nine mould fungi namely Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus and A. clavatus four dermatophytes viz., Trichophyton rubrum and T. mentagrophytes strains. The antimicrobial activity was determined the extent of inhibitory zones using disc diffusion method, Minimum inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration...
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