Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2026 in |
In recent decades, oral health management has witnessed a paradigm shift by integrating bioactive materials into dental therapeutics. Among these, bioactive glasses (BGs) that were originally developed by Larry Hench in 1969 have garnered significant attention because of their distinctive capacity to bond with bones and soft tissues of the body, while stimulating biological responses that promote healing and regeneration. Bioglass was the first synthetic material that formed a chemical bond with bone. The principal mechanism underlying the bioactivity of BGs lies in their surface reactions in aqueous environments, where they release therapeutic ions like Ca²⁺, Na⁺, PO₄³⁻, and Si⁴⁺, that lead to the formation of a hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer that mimics natural bone mineral. Furthermore, functionalization of bioactive glasses (BGs) with therapeutic metal ions like Ag⁺, Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺, Sr²⁺ and herbal bioactives has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance their antimicrobial, osteogenic, angiogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties, thereby broadening their applications in dental and ocular implantology, orthopedics, and wound healing. Despite the widespread recognition of its benefits,...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2026 in |
Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder leading to non-scarring hair loss and affecting millions worldwide across all age groups. Despite extensive research, the precise molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood, arising from complex interactions among immune dysregulation, genetic susceptibility, and environmental triggers. Emerging evidence also implicates lifestyle factors, psychological stress, gut microbiome imbalance, and drug exposures in disease onset and progression. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the immunopathogenesis of AA, integrating insights from T-cell mediated autoimmunity, genetic variations, and epigenetic regulation. Advances in diagnostic strategies, including trichoscopy, histopathology, and severity assessment tools, are critically evaluated with attention to their clinical applicability and limitations. Importantly, the therapeutic landscape of AA is rapidly evolving: beyond traditional approaches such as corticosteroids and minoxidil, recent progress in biologics, JAK inhibitors, regenerative strategies including stem cell and exosome-based therapies, nanotechnology, and microneedle-assisted delivery systems is reshaping treatment paradigms. By bridging mechanistic understanding with therapeutic innovation, this review highlights unmet clinical needs, emphasizes opportunities for precision and regenerative medicine, and outlines future directions...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2026 in |
Aromatherapy is a complementary therapeutic approach based on the use of volatile essential oils derived from aromatic medicinal plants. The practice has a long history, originating in ancient medical systems of Egypt, India, China, and Greece, where aromatic plants were employed for therapeutic, cosmetic, and spiritual purposes. In contemporary pharmacognostic research, aromatherapy is recognized for the bioactive potential of essential oils, which are complex mixtures of secondary metabolites such as terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, aldehydes, alcohols, and esters. The mechanisms of action involve olfactory stimulation of the limbic system as well as transdermal absorption, leading to neuropharmacological, autonomic, and systemic effects. Essential oils have demonstrated a range of pharmacological activities including anxiolytic, analgesic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and sedative effects. Aromatherapy has found applications in the management of stress-related disorders, pain, insomnia, dermatological and respiratory conditions, and as supportive therapy in chronic diseases and palliative care. Medicinal plants frequently employed in aromatherapy include Lavandula angustifolia, Mentha piperita, Eucalyptus globulus, Rosa damascena, and Melaleuca alternifolia. This review consolidates current knowledge on the historical...
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Posted by admin on Mar 31, 2026 in |
Raphanus sativus (radish), a member of the Brassicaceae family, is a widely cultivated and consumed root vegetable across the globe. Its nutritional and medicinal significance has been extensively documented through various studies. Traditionally, extracts from both aerial and underground parts of radishes have been employed in folk medicine to manage a range of ailments, including digestive disorders, urinary infections, hepatic inflammation, cardiovascular complications, and ulcers. The therapeutic potential of radish is primarily attributed to its rich composition of bioactive secondary metabolites, such as glucosinolates, polyphenols, flavonoids, and isothiocyanates, which confer antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and anticancer activities. This review emphasizes the impact of radish extract administration in pathological conditions, including cancer, diabetes, liver dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Additionally, it provides a detailed analysis of the molecular mechanisms by which radish-derived compounds regulate critical drug targets associated with various cancers and metabolic disorders. By modulating signaling pathways, apoptotic proteins, and detoxification enzymes, these bioactive constituents demonstrate considerable potential in preventing and managing chronic diseases, highlighting radish as a promising candidate...
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Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2026 in |
Cassia fistula is commonly referred to as the golden shower tree is a member of the family Fabaceae. It derives its name due to its catchy yellow flower and lengthy long seed. Aragvada or the plant species called the “disease killer” has been used in the past to treat respiratory tract infections and congestion in the upper tract. In Ayurvedic medicine it has been applied in the treatment of Vata, Pitha and Kappa. The numerous components of the plant such as pods, pulp, leaves, bark, and flowers are applied in treating various diseases such as skin diseases, diabetes, constipation, infections, and inflammation. This page aims at compiling a summary of the literature available on the botany, ethnomedicinal potential, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, safety, and formulation development of Cassia fistula. The compounds possess strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, antitussive and laxative properties. This thorough review of the literature offers a base to the further pharmacological research as it summarizes the current information on the therapeutic usefulness of Cassia...
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