Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2015 in |
2-Amino-1-aryl-1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8-hexahydro-4-phenyl-quinoline-3-carbonitrile derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of cyclohexanone (1) with 2-benzylidine-malononitrile (2) and the appropriate of aniline derivatives. The reactivity of some of these newly synthesized derivatives toward carbon disulfide and further toward hydrazonoyl halides were also studied. Also, the antimicrobial activity of the newly synthesized derivatives was...
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Posted by admin on Feb 1, 2015 in |
Acetaminophen (APAP) is widely used as an analgesic and antipyretic drug. The large dose of APAP results in severe hepatic necrosis due to the oxidative stress. This work evaluates the antioxidant activity of crude water extract of Vetiveria zizanioides roots against a single dose of APAP induced acute hepatotoxicity. Mice were treated with 300 mg/kg of APAP dissolved in saline and fasted for 16 h. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC, 500 mg/kg) was used as a positive control. The activities of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased significantly 4 h after APAP administration. Oral administration of crude water extract of Vetiveria root at a dose of 0.9 g/kg before or after the oral administration of APAP significantly reduced (P<0.05) the elevated values of serum ALT, AST, ALP and hepatic morphologic changes induced in mice. Antioxidant status, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were reduced significantly (P<0.05) and the lipid peroxidation and the activity of GPx were enhanced significantly in the APAP treated...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
A survey was carried out from 2005 to 2010 to invent the invasive alien plant species and their economic uses in urban and adjoining rural areas of Uttarpara, Hooghly district, West Bengal. The study revealed the occurrence of 103 alien angiospermic plant species under 32 families, of which four families (Araceae, Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Pontederiaceae) are monocots. Dicot family Fabaceae dominated with 20 plant species, followed by Asteraceae with 17, Amaranthaceae with 8, Solanaceae with 7, Euphorbiaceae with 5, and then other families. Rise in number of alien species was evidenced in year-wise quadrat studies, screening 11 most invasive species namely Parthenium hysterophorus, Eupatorium odoratum, Ageratum conyzoides, A. haustonianum, Chromolaena odorata, Cassia sophera, Leucaena leucocephala, Alternanthera sessilis, Amaranthus spinosus, Lantana camara and tree, Trema orientralis distributed within Asteraceae (5 taxa), Fabaceae (2 taxa), Amaranthaceae (2 taxa), Verbenaceae (1 taxon) and Ulmaceae (1 taxon). Remarkably, the alien species have been used in diverse economic and commercial purposes by local village folks, showing the use of nearly 49% plants in local health-care...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
The Characean alga, Chara zeylanica was experimentally exposed to Cadmium ion concentrations ranging from 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 ppb for 7 days. The ultrastructural studies and TEM X-ray microanalysis were performed on the alga exposed to 10 ppb cadmium ion concentration after 7 days of the treatment period. A fine structural examination of the cells revealed that in Cd-treated cells, the cell wall showed the absence of undulating layers, more compactness in their arrangement and much lesser in thickness than the control cells. TEM studies showed striking changes in the plastids of treated algae. They were completely devoid of starch grains. The cell organelles were lacking in the cytoplasm, but it showed the presence of several myelin-like...
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Posted by admin on Dec 1, 2014 in |
Endodontic irrigating solution used in root canal treatment in dental specialty is to eliminate root canal pathogens in necrotic pulp tissues. A microorganism like Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis were commonly seen pathogens in necrotic pulp tissues. Commonly used root canal irrigating solutions to kill bacteria’s in the dental root canal are hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). These root canal irrigating solutions has detrimental effects on the tissues underlying tooth (periradicular tissues) and affects post-operative healing. NaOCl has tissue toxicity and inhibits phagocytosis. Chlorhexidine inhibits protein synthesis in periodontal ligament cells. CHX and NaOCl exhibit an inflammatory effect in mitochondrial activity in human periodontal cells. Natural products are in great demand for their extensive biological properties and their bioactive molecules. Nontoxic Piper betel leaves extract obtained by methanolic extraction method of 500 mg/ml was tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans which are commonly associated with root canal treatment and in failure cases using well agar diffusion method. The result shows piper betel leaves...
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