Posted by admin on Jan 30, 2026 in |
Indonesia is one of the largest agricultural countries in the world. In 2022, approximately 88.89% of the workforce was employed in the agricultural sector. One of the most important agricultural practices is the use of pesticides, which are essential for pest control. Organophosphates are widely used pesticides, and chlorpyrifos is one of the most commonly applied organophosphate insecticides. However, chlorpyrifos exposure may cause adverse health effects, including poisoning, organ damage, mortality, and insulin resistance. Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity and serum glucose levels are important biomarkers for evaluating chlorpyrifos toxicity, as exposure to chlorpyrifos can decrease BChE activity and increase serum glucose levels. Chlorpyrifos is available in two forms, analytical standard chlorpyrifos (Pestanal) and trademark formulations such as Dursban 200 EC. However, studies comparing the effects of trademark and analytical standard chlorpyrifos on BChE and serum glucose levels are still limited. This study aimed to compare BChE activity and serum glucose levels between control and treatment groups, as well as between Pestanal and Dursban treatments. Rats were orally administered Pestanal or...
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Posted by admin on Jan 30, 2026 in |
The genus Impatiens encompasses a diverse array of species valuable as sourcs of natural medicine some of which remain unexplored and insufficiently characterized. Impatiuens is a reservoir of metabolites such as phenolics, phytosterols, triterpenoids, and peptides which exhibit spectrum of activities including antimicrobial, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-anaphylactic. Impatiens walleriana belonging to the family balsaminaceae is known for its aesthetic appeal and as folk medicine. Drug resistant strains of Candida and Aspergillus have made fungal infection treatment difficult and plants are serving as good alternatives. Impatiens walleriana is anti-microbial and traditionally applied to skin in folk medicine but has not been specifically screened for its anti-Candida albicans effectiveness hence, the present in-vitro study. The hydroalcoholic extract of the aeria parts of Impatiens walleriana has shown anti-Candida albicans effect with MIC 3.3mg/ml and ZOI ranging from 9mm to 20mm with maximum effectiveness at 100mg concentration in the triplicate readings taken for the selected doses 50mg, 100mg and...
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Posted by admin on Jan 30, 2026 in |
Spirulina is a very helpful cyanobacterium that is rich in protein, essential amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and biologically active components like phycocyanin, carotenoids, and polysaccharides. Its strong antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic, and anticancer qualities are supported by these components, making it beneficial for use in pharmaceuticals and health supplements. Spirulina can be used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, functional food, and sustainable development industries due to its ease of cultivation and sustainability. Even though they are usually safe, quality control is essential to prevent contamination from toxins or heavy metals. All things considered, spirulina is a versatile microalga with significant therapeutic and nutritional...
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