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ISSN (Online): 2348-3962,
ISSN (Print): 2394-5583

International Journal Of Pharmacognosy

An International Journal published monthly
An Official Publication of Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

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Posted by on Aug 13, 2015 in | 0 comments

HULBAH (TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRAECUM.): A REVIEW

The Hulbah, Trigonella foenum-graecum of family Legumenasea which is commonly known as methi, in the traditional system of medicine including Unani Medicine. Hulba is an annual herb, 1-2 fit long contains the seed in long, narrow sickle shape pods called Tukhme Hulbah. Hulbah leaves are yellowish green, petiolate, usually 2-5 cm long called Burge Hulbah. The Hulbah contains alkaloids, e.g., trimethylamine, neurin, trigonelline, choline, gentianine, carpaine. amino acids, e.g., isoleucine, 4-Hydroxyisoleucine, histidine, leucine, lysine, valine tryptophan, argeniens, tyrosine, cystine, threonine, diosgenin, smilagenin, neotigogenin, gitogeninne, graecunins, fenugrin, fenugreekine, trigofoenosides. neogitogenin, yuccagenin, saponaretin, gum, neutral detergent, fiber, lipids, vitamins, minerals. 28% mucilage; 22% proteins; 5% bitter fixed oil. Therapeutic uses of Hulbah (Trigonella foenum-graecum), mentioned in the Unani Medicine are zof-e-meda (Indigestion), nafakh-e-shikam (Flatulence), qulanj, waj-ul-mafasil (Arthritis), waj-ul-qutn (Backacke), paralysis  It is also used in headache, nazla (common cold), sual (cough), asthma. It is also used in skin eruption (bahaq, bars), diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia etc. The present article reviews the pharmacological actions and therapeutic uses of Hulbah (Trigonella foenum-graecum) present in...

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Posted by on Jul 26, 2014 in | 0 comments

PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND QUANTIFICATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN THE LEAVES OF SPINACH (SPINACEAE OLERACEAE L.)

Plants are the sources for a large number of secondary metabolites. Spinacia oleraceae is a green leafy vegetable belonging to Chenopodiaceae family. It is having medicinal properties due to rich nutritional value and is extremely rich in antioxidants. Antioxidant property of the spinach is due to the presence of bioactive compounds. The present study aims to screen the phytochemicals of different extracts (aqueous, methanol, ethanol and chloroform extracts) of S.oleraceae leaves and quantification of the secondary metabolites. The study indicated the presence of carbohydrates, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, and steroids. The quantification of bioactive compounds yields 45.24% of phenols, 27.34% of flavonoids, 23.05% of saponins and 4.82% of...

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Posted by on Jul 26, 2014 in | 0 comments

HUMAN GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE A1-1 BINDING WITH NATURALLY OCCURRING LIGANDS: ASSESSMENT BY DOCKING SIMULATIONS

Glutathione S-transferases are phase-II enzymes associated with detoxification and resistance to drugs and xenobiotics. The majority of human tumors and human tumor cell lines express significant amounts of alpha class Glutathione S-Transferase A1-1. Present study aimed to examine hGSTA1-1 interaction with some naturally occurring ligands using docking simulations. Docking simulation using Glutathione S-transferases A1-1 monomer without Glutathione conjugate was receptor against Glutathione, Ellagic acid, Lycopene, α-Tocopherol  acetate, Quercetin, Ethacrynic acid, Caffeic acid, Porphyrin, Ferulic acid, Curcumin, Dithiothreitol, Cinnamic acid, Iodoacetamide, α-Tocopherol, Beta-mercaptoethanol  showed that the majority ligands tested bound at sites bordering the enzyme subunit-subunit interface. Docking results showed that all the selected ligands docked satisfactorily to the hGSTA1-1 enzyme. Lycopene has a strong binding affinity (Binding energy:-10.68 kcal/mol; docking energy: -15.96 kcal/mol) with hGSTA1-1 amongst selected ligands and predicted as a strong inhibitor against hGSTA1-1. In contrast, investigations using hGSTA1-1 monomer revealed there are additional sites for Ethacrynic acid, Betamercaptoethanol and Glutathione binding rather than H-site as expected from X-ray crystallographic data. In conclusion, the docking simulations suggest...

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Posted by on Jul 26, 2014 in | 0 comments

EFFECTIVITY OF STARVATION ON DIGESTIVE ENZYME OF FEMALE HOLOTRICHIA SERRATA (FAB) (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE)

The effect of starvation on the digestive enzymes of female Holotrichia serrata (Fab) shows that there are considerable general reductions in enzymatic activities except in a lipase in both gut sections; however there are considerable increases of soluble proteins, both the gut section homogenates of the starved female. The maximum reduction of protease is 83% in a hindgut and 86% in the midgut followed by invertase which is 59% in a midgut and 50% in the hindgut and trehalose 62% hindgut and 51% in the midgut. The lipase is 80% reduction in a hindgut and 41% in the midgut in a starved female. In the starved female, Lipase showing the significant decrease in activity of 11% in a hindgut and 5% increase in the...

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Posted by on Jul 26, 2014 in | 0 comments

ANTIDIARRHEAL, ANTIDIABETIC, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF LEAVES OF CLERODENDRUM VISCOSUM (VENT.)

The present study was aimed to investigate the possible antidiarrheal, antidiabetic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of leaves of Clerodendrum viscosum (Vent.) Different screening models are employed for an investigation like Castor oil induced diarrheal model for antidiarrheal activity screening, alloxan-induced diabetic model for antidiabetic activity screening, antioxidant activity by DPPH scavenging method and disc diffusion method for the antimicrobial activity screening. Clerodendrum viscosum (Vent.) shows good anti-diabetic, antidiarrheal and antioxidant activity but having no antimicrobial activity in relationship with the standard drug. Clerodendrum viscosum (Vent.) methanolic extract dose of 500mg/kg significantly reduces the blood glucose level at a 1st hour to 3rd hour 130 to 36 mg/dL in in–vivo mice model. During antidiarrheal screening, Clerodendrum viscosum (Vent.) extract dose reduces the number of stool from 3 to 1in 1st hour to 3rd of treatment. DPPH scavenging activity on Clerodendrum viscosum (Vent.) was significant with the standard. IC50% 8.93 µg/mL and 7.8 µg/mL for sample Clerodendrum viscosum (Vent.) and standard ascorbic acid...

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