Posted by admin on May 1, 2014 in |
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic disease which results in pain, swelling, and stiffness in joints. It affects about 1% of the total world’s population. RA begins with an edematous thickening of the synovia which latter converts into inflammatory synovium called pannus which erodes the surrounding cartilage. Conventional therapy exists to overcome illness but prolonged uses of drugs cause various side effects. Several reports demonstrate herbal remedy for RA treatment. Saffron is the natural yellow spice derived from the flower of Crocus sativus, possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, in this study role of saffron for its treatment has been explored in AIA mice. The effect of three doses of ethanolic extracts of Crocus sativus (Family: Iridaceae) on adjuvant-induced arthritic mice was examined and evaluated. FCA injection caused a significant increase in joint inflammation. A daily oral dose of Crocus sativus extract (CSE) for 47 days resulted in a significant decrease in Lipid peroxides level as compared to AIA mice, while on the other hand the significant increase in...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2014 in |
The objective of the present study was to investigate the scientific basis of the traditional use of the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.). The selected pharmacological investigations are antimicrobial screening, analgesic activity, antidiarrheal activity screening and the brine shrimp lethality test for cytotoxic activity. Phytochemical analysis of ethanolic fruits extracts Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.) showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannin, steroids, reducing sugar and gum. The fruit extract produced 19.07% and 38.67% protection or writhing inhibition at the oral dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg-body weights respectively. From the observations, it is obvious that the ethanol extract of the fruit of Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.) has analgesic activity. The ethanolic fruit extract of Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.) significantly inhibited ear edema formation in xylene-induced ear edema model mice. This inhibition can be considered as direct evidence that is supporting the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic fruit extract of Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.) The ethanolic fruit extract of Phyllanthus emblica (Linn.) performing as a remedy for different bacterial diseases is supported by the antibacterial...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2014 in |
Aims: Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Vitex negundo leaves extract (VNE) were evaluated in the animal models. The VNE was evaluated for the phytochemical analysis. Settings and Design: Factorial design was used for the experimental models. Methods and Material: The analgesic effects at graded doses of VNE (40-320 mg/kg, p.o.) were evaluated in mice against acetic acid-induced writhing (chemically induced pain) and hot-plate method (thermally induced pain). The analgesia produced by VNE was compared with the standard analgesics diclofenac sodium (DIS, 5 mg/kg, p.o.) and pentazocine (PTZ, 5 mg/kg, p.o.). Acute anti-inflammatory activity of VNE was also analyzed using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model at the doses 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg i.p., using diclofenac sodium (5 mg/kg, i.p.) as standard. Statistical Analysis Used: ANOVA was applied followed my Tukey’s post hoc test for comparison between the group’s Results: In comparison to control group VNE showed highly significant, dose-dependent analgesic activity against chemically as well as thermally induced pain models (P<0.05). In comparison to control, VNE at the employed...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2014 in |
Launea cornuta Asteraceae is widely used among African communities for its medicinal and nutritional values and livestock fodder. Traditionally, it is used by Kenyan communities to manage diabetes mellitus, syphilis, and stomachache, among many other diseases. The current study profiled the organic chemical compounds in the ethyl acetate extracts of L. cornuta. Chemical compounds were identified using gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer. The compounds chromatograms were deconvoluted and identified by matching with NIST 11 mass spectral database. The following chemical compounds were identified; isoquinoline alkaloids, terpenoids, and phytosterols, among others. The presence of diverse chemical compounds supports the medicinal and nutritional uses of L. cornuta among African...
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Posted by admin on May 1, 2014 in |
High blood pressure is well-established as a leading cause of stroke, ischemic heart disease, and cardiovascular disease. Globally cardiovascular disease accounts for approximately 17 million deaths a year, nearly one third of the total. A number of pharmaceutical agents are available for initial treatment of high BP. These include older molecules such as diuretics and beta-blocking agents, and newer molecules such as dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and direct acting vasodilators. Comprehensive hypertension management focuses on reducing overall cardiovascular risk and should be the preferred approach for initial management of hypertension. Nitric oxide is a gaseous signaling molecule that regulates various physiological and pathophysiological responses in the human body. Nitric oxide is a gaseous lipophilic free radical which reacts with various molecules to cause pleiotropic effects and it is generated by three distinct isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. The physiologic effects include circulation and blood pressure, platelet function, host defense, and neurotransmission in central nervous system and in peripheral nerves. The etiology of the...
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