Posted by admin on Jun 2, 2018 in |
Objective: To study the preliminary and pharmacognostic characteristics of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam., harvested in Côte d’Ivoire. Identify the drug by anatomy and histochemistry. Method: Macroscopic and microscopic study of the fresh and dry drug and determination of physicochemical parameters. Results: Tree, shrub or bush, 16 m long, 5 m or 4 m, Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. Has bending branches with rounded tops. Its fairly cracked bark is gray or brown, then pale red. The oval or sub-orbicular leaves are alternate and petiolate from 4 mm to 5 mm. The limb, dark green in color, is polished on the upper side and whitish and then densely tomentose on the lower side. The anatomo-histological cut of the limb showed a median rib slightly curved on the upper surface and strongly bulging on the lower side and a broader limb. Each epidermis consisted of small, visible cells more or less rectangular, is covered with a cuticle, outer lipoidal covering; impermissive and resistant, giving it a protective role. The cross-section of the stem, revealed...
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Posted by admin on Jun 2, 2018 in |
The inhibitory effect of Juniperus phoenicea leaves extracts on Xanthine Oxidase activity was evaluated spectrophotometrically at 290 nm. Extracts of Juniperus phoenicea showed a potent XO inhibitory activity. To isolate the active compounds, an in-vitro bio-guided fractionation was undertaken by preparative chromatographic techniques. Fractions 2, 3 and 6 of ethyl acetate extract demonstrated substantial XO inhibitory activity (>80% inhibition) at 400 μg/mL. The highest inhibitory effect was obtained for fraction 3 (87.8%). The major constituents amentoflavone (1) and catechin (2) isolated from the fraction 3 were identified by extensive spectroscopic studies including 1D and 2D NMR experiments. These two compounds have no inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase; it is deduced that the XOI activity of the fraction 3, was due either to a minor bioactive compound or possible synergisms. However, this study showed that the tested plant species are a potential source of natural XO inhibitors that can be developed, upon further investigation, for treatment of gout and other XO-related...
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Posted by admin on Jun 2, 2018 in |
Oral delivery of the drug is the preferable drug delivery due to the ease of administration, patient compliance, and flexibility in the formulations. In recent era, various technologies have been made in research and development of controlled release oral drug delivery system to overcome various physiological difficulties such as variation in gastric retention and emptying time. Conventional oral dosage forms pose low bioavailability problems due to their rapid gastric transition from the stomach, especially in case of drugs which are less soluble at alkaline pH of the intestine and locally acting drugs in the stomach get rapidly emptied. So, frequency of dose administration in such cases is increased. Gastro retentive drug delivery system is facing many challenges which can be overcome by upcoming newly emerging approach, i.e., raft forming system. The present study provides valuable information and highlights advances in this raft forming system. Different types of smart polymers used for their formulation have also been summarized. The review focuses on the mechanism, formulation, development, and system optimization aspects...
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Posted by admin on Jun 2, 2018 in |
Thuja orientalis (Commonly- Morpankhi, Family- Cupressaceae) is an evergreen, monoecious trees or shrubs used in various forms of traditional medicines and homeopathy in various ways. In traditional practices, Thuja is used for the treatment of bronchial catarrh, enuresis, cystitis, psoriasis, uterine carcinomas, amenorrhea, and rheumatism. Recent researches in different parts of the world have shown that Thuja orientalis and its active component thujone have the great potential against various health problems. Thuja orientalis preparations can be efficiently used against microbial/worm infection. It can be used as antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory agent. Instead of these effects, it can also be used as insecticidal, molluscicidal and nematicidal activity against different pests. The present review highlights some important biological properties of Thuja...
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Posted by admin on Jun 2, 2018 in |
Curcumin regulates cellular signaling pathway related to cancer growth, inflammation and apoptosis and due to biological activities can be target DNA, RNA, and enzymes. Also, curcumin has an inhibitory effect against MARK, P53, β-catenin, and AKT. It can be considered as a promising agent to treat many diseases, but it is important that should be acceptably carried out cellular targeting with curcumin. Here, we reviewed the beneficial effects of curcumin in the treatment of diseases. Our review study was confirmed that curcumin has a potential effect in diseases treatment, but there is a dire need for an increase of its bioavailability to the promotion of its efficacy. We suggest that should be design the methods for increase of cellular targeting by curcumin in further...
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