PHARMACOGNOSTIC ANALYSIS AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT CANTHIUM PARVIFLORUM LAM.

The crude extract from the leaf of Canthium parviflorum Lam. in different solvents were subjected to physicochemical, fluorescence analysis, phytochemical and antimicrobial study. The microscopic analysis revealed that in C. parviflorum there is the presence of starch grains. The ash value was 5.81% in C. parviflorum. The fluorescent analysis at 366 nm of C. parviflorum powder extracted with alcohol showed orange-colored fluorescence with other it was no fluorescence. The extraction value with different solvents exhibited that C. parviflorum had maximum extractive value with chloroform followed by benzene, ethanol and petroleum ether. The phytochemical screening of the various extract of C. parviflorum revealed that the benzene extract showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids. The chloroform extracts of the leaf showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids. Anti-bacterial screening in C. parviflorum using stem revealed that the ethanol solvent showed maximum inhibition against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and chloroform solvent showed maximum inhibition in the case of gram-negative bacteria (Serratia marcescence).