INNOVATIONS IN LIPOSOMAL DRUG DELIVERY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF STRUCTURE, PREPARATION, APPLICATIONS, AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL

Liposomes are spherical vesicles with one or more concentric peel of phospholipid bilayers enclosing an aqueous core. Liposomes, which can be nontoxic or biodegradable, are a strong delivery system of tranches of drugs. Liposomes (or lipid vesicles) are a type of platform with different applications, for example as carriers that take drugs or other macromolecules into the bodies of humans and animals. The review covers traditional and advanced methods of liposomal preparation and stresses how these methods influence the marketability of liposomes. The review emphasises the need for research on properties of lecithin and modulators, which may improve the stability of liposomes. At present, liposomal vesicles are utilised to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of active compounds and to facilitate the controlled release of pharmaceuticals, thereby extending the biological half-life or diminishing the toxicity of the active ingredients. This paper looks at the latest changes in the way liposomal systems work, especially those that have happened in the last ten years. The procedures for system preparation, characterisation, and application are delineated. The text also talks about ways to change the surface of liposomes and how active substances are delivered.