“EXPLORING THE BOTANICAL, NUTRITIONAL, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF BACCAUREA MOTLEYANA (RAMBAI)”

Since ancient times, Baccaurea species have held economic value for the indigenous peoples of the Old-World Tropics, used for both their edible fruits and medicinal properties. Among these, Baccaurea motleyana, commonly known as Rambai, is notable for its diverse uses and is widely cultivated across Southeast Asia. This study explores the botanical characteristics, traditional applications, and pharmacological potential of B. motleyana. Rambai thrives in tropical rainforests and diverse soil types, growing up to 25 meters tall. The fruit is consumed fresh, while various plant parts are used medicinally to treat ailments such as constipation, eye swelling, arthritis, and abdominal pain. Notably, the bark is used to prevent postpartum hemorrhage, and the leaves treat menstrual disorders. Nutritionally, Rambai fruits are rich in vitamins and minerals, including vitamin C and potassium, and exhibit antioxidant and antimicrobial properties due to their high phenolic content. Phytochemical screening reveals the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids, and tannins, contributing to its medicinal properties. Pharmacological studies highlight its antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities. For instance, the ethanolic extract of Rambai peel demonstrates significant hypoglycemic effects in mice, while its antioxidant activity is attributed to phenolic compounds. This study underscores the traditional and medicinal significance of B. motleyana, suggesting its potential in developing natural therapeutic agents. Further research is warranted to explore its bioactive compounds and therapeutic applications comprehensively.