EXPLORING THE BIODIVERSITY TREASURE OF ACHANAKMAR-AMARKANTAK BIOSPHERE RESERVE

The Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve is a remarkable biodiversity hotspot situated in the heart of India, straddling the states of Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Geographically, this biosphere reserve is located in the Deccan Peninsula and the Central Highland Plains region, capturing a diverse array of flora and fauna.  The region is renowned for its innumerable natural vegetation and zoological wonders, which have long captivated the attention of biologists and researchers. Beyond the northern Himalayan valleys, this biosphere reserve represents the second-largest expanse of biodiversity in India, with a wealth of species that have been documented in various Vedic and botanical literature. Interestingly, many of the plants and herbs found in this region possess valuable ethno-medicinal and pharmacological properties, some of which are yet to be fully explored and understood. The local communities and indigenous tribes have a deep, symbiotic relationship with the biosphere, utilizing its natural resources for food, fodder, medicine, and economic sustenance. This review delves into the biodiversity, biogeographical features, and the ethnobotanical significance of the Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve, highlighting its critical role in maintaining ecological balance and supporting the livelihoods of the local populations.