ANTI-ANAEMIC EFFECT OF AQUEOUS LEAVES EXTRACT OF HIBISCUS ACETOSELLA WELW. EX HIERN (MALVACEAE) ON TWO EXPERIMENTAL MODELS OF ANAEMIA INDUCED BY 2, 4-DINITROPHENYL-HYDRAZINE AND BLOOD LOSE IN WISTAR RAT

Anaemia globally affects 1.62 billion peoples in the world. To treat anaemia, Hibiscus acetosella is sometimes used traditionally. This study has been conducted to evaluate the anti-anaemic effects of the aqueous leaves extract of Hibiscus acetosella, on two experimental models of anaemia. Bleeding anaemia was induced by retro-orbital puncture of 2-2.5 mL of blood during two days, while haemolyticanaemia was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of 2. 4 dinitro-phenylhydrazine (40 mg.kg bw) during 7 days. After induction, plant extract (100; 200 or 400 mg.kg bw) was daily administrated by oral route for 14 days. During experience, haematological analysis was done at the beginning, at the end of induction and every week during treatment. During haemolytic anaemia; aqueous extract significantly increased haematocrit and red blood cell with the maximum of 45% and 32% respectively at the dose of 400 mg.kg.bw; haemoglobin significantly increased in rats with a maximum of 32% at the dose of 200 mg.kg bw. In bleeding anaemia model, H. acetosella significantly increased the haematocrit as well as red blood cell with a maximum increase of 14% and 31%, respectively as compared to the anaemic group. This result suggests that H. acetosella would have an important anti-anaemic effect.