A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON ACALYPHA INDICA: TRADITIONAL USES AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES

Acalypha indica, an herbaceous plant indigenous to tropical areas, has been extensively utilized in traditional medicine for the treatment of various health issues. This review presents a thorough overview of its medicinal attributes, phytochemical composition, and pharmacological effects, emphasizing its promise in drug development. Extracts from this plant have shown notable anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities, positioning it as a viable candidate for innovative therapeutic solutions. Historically, Acalypha indica has been employed in traditional practices for healing wounds, addressing respiratory ailments, and managing gastrointestinal disorders. Phytochemical investigations have revealed significant bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and anthraquinones, which play a role in its pharmacological properties. Preclinical research has assessed its effectiveness against bacterial and fungal infections, diseases related to oxidative stress, and cancer, yielding promising outcomes. However, obstacles such as the need for extract standardization, concerns regarding toxicity, and a scarcity of clinical studies impede its advancement. Future investigations should aim to clarify its mechanisms of action, refine dosage formulations, and conduct clinical trials to confirm its efficacy and safety. By overcoming these challenges, Acalypha indica has the potential to become a significant asset in contemporary medicine, providing a natural alternative for disease management and drug development. This review highlights the need for further scientific inquiry and pharmaceutical exploration.