Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
The current study was aimed to investigate the analgesic activity of the methanolic extract of Amaranthus spinosus leaf (Family: Amaranthaceae). The analgesic activity was assessed with this extract for their peripheral and central anti-nociceptive potentials using three standard test methods, for instance, acetic acid induced writhing, hot plate and tail immersion methods in Swiss albino mice, at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. In acetic acid induced writhing method, methanolic extract of Amaranthus spinosus leaf (200 and 400 mg/kg) showed significant peripheral analgesic activity with writhing inhibition of 58.02% and 63.2% respectively whereas the standard drug diclofenac-Na (25 mg/kg) showed 73.88% writhing inhibition. In the hot plate test, methanolic extract of the leaf (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) showed 55.09%, and 66.22% central nociception inhibition of thermal stimulus respectively, where the standard drug morphine (5 mg/kg) displayed 50.35% nociception inhibition. In the tail immersion test, maximum 68.19% and 73.91% nociception inhibition of thermal stimulus was exhibited with methanol extract of the leaf (200 and 400...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
Amaranthus spinosus, belongs to Amaranthaceae family, is an annual or perennial herb grows annually; native to tropical America and found throughout India as a weed in cultivated as well as fallow lands. Though the whole plant is used as a laxative, the roots are regarded as highly specific for colitis, and it is also used as antipyretic, febrifuge, diuretic. Other than its culinary value, it is utilized in the treatment of bronchitis, digestible, appetizer, biliousness, haematinic, galactagogue, stomachic, flatulence, nausea, anorexia, blood diseases, leucorrhoea, burning sensation, leprosy, and piles. This study aimed to investigate the anti-nociceptive activity of the ethanol extract of the root of Amaranthus spinosus Linn. The anti-nociceptive activity was investigated for its peripheral and central pharmacological action using acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate, and tail immersion methods in Swiss albino mice at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. Ethanol extract of the root (200 and 400 mg/kg) showed the most significant anti-nociceptive activity in acetic acid induced writhing method with writhing inhibition of...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
The improvisation of any system has been a challenging task for the scientist in the field of drug delivery. In pursuit of the stable carrier system, here the microemulsion or other meta-state like liquid crystal phase with the specific mechanism, i.e., “six-member stable cyclic system” is highlighted and critically evaluated. The system with co-surfactant (propylene glycol) is examined and concluded with the plausible mechanism of hydrogen bond donor/acceptor felicitator to the surface active molecule by the hydrogen bonding with the surfactant polar head group to increase the fluidity of the system. Through this unique mechanism, the co-surfactant expands the area of existence of microemulsion. The system allows the topical drug with the stable as well as a flexible system with higher drug entrapment. The systems aligned toward the liquid crystal phase than the liquid phase, which makes the system more convenient for the delivery...
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Posted by admin on May 31, 2019 in |
The liver is an amazingly complex organ which virtually affects every physiological process of the body. The liver is the largest glandular organ in the body and has more function than any other organs. Hepatic disorders which stem from a stressful lifestyle, inappropriate eating habits, and lack of exercise have become one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in human being. The acute hepatic symptoms may be cured by some general prevention such as avoidance of constipation and balance between intake quantity of protein and disaccharides in normal food. An alternative and progressively increasing adaptation is the use of herbal extracts. Many of the plant-based drugs show an effective response to managing the hepatotoxicity and secondary symptoms of liver damage. While, the models used for conventional hepatotoxicity evaluation are still outdated, in the present review we have attempted to provide updated information of the molecular pathogenesis and aspects for the role of herbal pharmacotherapy in the alleviation of hepatic ailments. Furthermore, we have attempted to summarize the...
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Posted by admin on Apr 30, 2019 in |
The plant Withania somnifera has many acclaimed medicinal uses. This work aims to explore the efficacy of the aqueous extract (AE) of W. somnifera on the isolated trachea and aorta rings, perfused heart, blood pressure and diuresis in rats. Phytochemical analysis of the whole plant of W. somnifera was carried out using standard extraction procedures followed by column chromatography. An aqueous extract (AE) was also prepared by boiling the whole plant material in water followed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The smooth muscle relaxant effect of AE of W. somnifera (10-4 – 3×10-1 mg/mL) was tested on isolated rat tracheal and aortic rings. The effect of AE on heart rate and contractility of the isolated perfused heart were recorded. The hypotensive effect of AE (0.4-120 mg/kg) was recorded from the carotid artery in anesthetized normotensive rats. The diuretic activity of AE was evaluated in rats at two different doses (800 and 1600 mg/kg), and urine volume was measured throughout 24 h. Phytochemical analysis of the Jordanian locality of W....
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