Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2025 in |
The present study indicates that the development of sunscreen by incorporating natural ingredients obtained from Phyllanthus emblica results in overcoming the side effects of chemically synthetic formulations. The Indian gooseberry, Phyllanthus emblica Linn, is a deciduous tree of the Euphorbiaceae family. The fruit of P. emblica is most widely used herbal drugs in Ayurvedic and Unani systems of medicine. Its chemical constituents include tannin (emblicanin A and B), phenol (gallic acid, ellagic acid), vitamins (ascorbic acid, niacin, thiamine, riboflavin), flavonoids (rutin, quercetin, kaempferol), and alkaloids (phyllantin, phyllembein), among others. Major formulations of Phyllanthus emblica, such as powder, oils, and candy, containing quercetin and emblicanin constituents, show biological potentials including antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties, among others. Sunscreens were the best alternatives to prevent sunburns or to protect the skin from the damaging effects of UV rays. The herbal ingredients in the formulation were safe to use as they contain natural substances having fewer side effects, are renewable sources, are under the GRAS (Generally Regarded as Safe) category, and...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2025 in |
Tapinanthus bangwensis is a hemiparasitic plant of the Senegalese flora found in several host plant species such as Combretum micranthum. These two species are used in traditional medicine against several diseases. The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative study between the parasitic plant (Tapinanthus bangwensis) and its host (Combretum micranthum) with regard to their chemical composition and antioxidant activity. Phytochemical screening of the two plants leafy stems were carried out by coloring and/or precipitation reactions. The total polyphenol contents were evaluated by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the flavonoid content by a method using aluminium chloride (AlCl3) and sodium nitrite (NaNO2). As for the antioxidant activity, it was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP methods. The same chemical groups were identified in both plants. However, T. bangwensis was richer in total polyphenols than C. micranthum with respective contents of 145.85±6 and 120.08±2.62mgEAG/g of dry extract. Thus, T. bangwensis extract showed more antioxidant activity than C. micranthum extract with respective IC50 of 3.49±0.06 µg/ml and 6.32±0.05 µg/ml. The parasitic...
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Posted by admin on Oct 31, 2025 in |
Prodrugs are bio-reversible, inactive drug by products that can convert into a parent drug inside the body. Around 10% of the medications accepted globally can be categorized as prodrugs. Prodrugs are designed to enhance the site-selective delivery of an active drug by modifying the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of pharmacologically potent compounds. Prodrugs are changed and form active drugs inside the body through enzymatic or non-enzymatic reactions. This article describes the potent secondary metabolites from natural sources that are amenable to prodrug design. A fair number of them have issues of bioavailability and metabolism, resulting in less efficacy, and a prodrug strategy is required to improve their efficacy. This has come into the spotlight recently by achieving encouraging results in most cases. Many phytochemicals are not preferred due to their low solubility, decreased bioavailability, and adverse effects, but these problems can be overcome with the formation of prodrugs of such compounds. Several techniques can be used to synthesize these prodrugs, including biotransformation, electrophilic substitution, esterification, biomodulation, covalent conjugation, and...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2025 in |
Two extensively researched medicinal plants having important ethnopharmacological significance in traditional medical systems like Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese Medicine are Alstonia scholaris and Vitex negundo. Because of its high concentration of alkaloids, flavonoids, and triterpenes, Alstonia, and especially Alstonia scholaris, is well-known for its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antimalarial qualities. Comparably, Vitex negundo, sometimes referred to as the five-leaved chaste tree, offers a variety of medicinal properties, such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant actions. Bioactive substances like flavonoids, iridoid glycosides, and essential oils are mostly responsible for these effects. This abstract highlights the potential for Alstonia scholaris and Vitex negundo to be developed into new medicinal medicines by reviewing their phytochemical profiles and pharmacological...
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Posted by admin on Sep 30, 2025 in |
Sore throat is acute inflammation of the pharynx and/or palatine tonsils, usually caused by an infection (viral or bacterial) and which frequently leads to the inappropriate use of antibiotics. In the context of antimicrobial resistance, herbal medicines, which contain multiple bioactive compounds, may offer alternatives. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of a Cymbopogon giganteus Chiov (Poaceae) essential-oil oropharyngeal spray previously characterized for in-vitro and in-vivo antimicrobial activity. A single-arm phase 2 clinical trial was conducted at the Suru-Léré University Hospital Center, on adult aged 18 to 65 years with physician-diagnosed uncomplicated sore throat. Participants received the oropharyngeal spray for 7 days on an outpatient basis. Clinical efficacy was assessed using the main specific clinical signs observed on days 3 and 7 with a pre-established score. A total of 39 patients were enrolled. Rapid and substantial symptom reduction was observed by day 3 and maintained on day 7, yielding a final clinical success rate of 94.4%. Adverse events were limited to mild, transient...
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