PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND ANTHELMENTIC ACTIVITY OF LANATA CAMARA

PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF LANATA CAMARA

Patil Sarika Jayant and Nirmale Dnyaneshwar Mahadev ^*

YSPM's Yashoda Technical Campus, Wadhe - 415015, Maharashtra, India.

ABSTRACT: Lantana camara is reported to be used in the traditional medicine system for the treatment of itches, cuts, ulcers, swellings, bilious fever, cataract and rheumatism. A different part of plants are used in the treatment of cold, headache, chicken pox, eye injuries; The present study is an effort to give detail information regarding macroscopy, microscopy, physical constant, phytochemical screening, traditional uses of leaves of Lanata camara. This study helps in the identification of this particular plant species. It provides guidelines for identification of plant species to the budding researchers. Further study on the plant needs to be carried out.

Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae), Macroscopy, Micro-scopy, Phytochemical screening etc.

INTRODUCTION: Aims and Objectives:

1. Phytochemical screening of leaves extracts of Lanata camara
2. Isolation of different moieties by using TLC.
3. Extraction process by using solvents like methanol and water.
4. The anthelmentic activity of leaves extracts of Lanata camara.

Synonyms: Lanata camara Linn.

Ghaneri (in Marathi), Lanata aculeata L, Camara vulgaris.

Biological Source: It consists of the whole dried plant of Lanata camara L. belonging to family Verbenaceae.

Methods:

Standardization & Phytochemical Investigation of Lanata camara:

• Collection and authentication of Lanata camara ,
• Macroscopy of leaves of Lanata camara,
• Extraction,
• Phytochemical investigation.

Collection and Authentication: The leaves of Lanata camara were collected in June from Satara District. The leaves are authenticated by Miss S. M. Deshapande, (H.O.D. of Botany) Y.C. Institute of Science Satara. The fresh leaves were used for the study of macroscopic and anatomical characters. Collected plant material was shade dried and coarsely powdered. This coarse powder was used for the determination of extractive values, ash value, LOD, and preliminary phytochemical investigation.

Macroscopic Characteristic: The macroscopy of leaves were studied according to standard methods ^{17, 18}.

Microscopic Characteristics: For microscopy hand section of the leaf was taken, stained and mounted following usual micro-techniques ¹⁹.

Extraction: In the present study, the dried leaves of Lanata camara belonging to family Verbenaceae were reduced to a coarse powder and around extracts was subjected to continuous hot extraction (Soxhlet) with methanol and then evaporated after the effective extraction, solvent was evaporated to dryness and the extract obtained with each solvent was weighed.

Phytochemical Investigation: The dried leaves were extracted with methanol and aqueous. The behavior of powder with various chemical reagent and preliminary chemical tests for various extracts were also carried out according to the standard procedures described by Kokate ¹³ and Horborne ¹⁴.

Isolation of Constituents: ^{22, 23}

Chromatographic Studies: Thin Layer Chromatographic studies were carried out for various extracts to confirm the presence of different phytoconstituents in these extract. TLC is a mode of liquid chromatography, in which, the extract is applied as a small spot or band at the origin of thin sorbent layer supported on a glass/plastic/metal plate. The mobile phase migrates through the stationary phase by capillary action. The separation of solutes takes place due to their differential absorption/ partition coefficient concerning both mobile and stationary phases. Each separation component has the same migration time but different migration distance.

The mobile phase consists of a single solvent or a mixture of solvents. Although, several sorbents like silica gel, cellulose, polyamide, alumina, chemically modified silica gel, etc. are used, silica gel (type 6) is the most commonly used sorbent. handmade plates are prepared by using techniques like pouring, dipping or spraying. Nowadays, readymade precoated plates are also available. The plates need to activate at 100 ºC for 1 h. This removes water/moisture loosely bound to the silica gel surface.

The retardation factor (R_f) is calculated using the following formula:

R_f = Distance traveled by sample from baseline/ Distance traveled by solvent from baseline

Thin Layer Chromatography: The extract was subjected to thin layer chromatography for the presence of phytoconstituents. In thin technique, the silica gel-GF254 (for TLC) was used as an adsorbent and plates were prepared by spreading technique, then air dried for an over-night and activated for one hour at 110 ºC and used.

Thin Layer Chromatography of Lanata camara Linn.

• Mobile phase: Chloroform: acetone
• Proportion: (8:2)
• Detection: Iodine chamber
• Solvent front: 5.0cm
• Spot Detection: 9cm

Anthelmintic Activity:

Procedure:

1. Both extracts from the leaves of Lanata camara were investigated for their anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma.
2. The various concentrations (50 - 100 mg/ml) of each extract were tested in the bioassay.
3. It involved the determination of time of paralysis and time of death of the worms.
4. The albendazole was included as standard reference and distilled water as a control.
5. The anthelmintic assay was carried as per the method of Ajaiyeoba et al.,

RESULTS:

TABLE 1: OBSERVATION TABLE OF NATURE, COLOUR OF L. CAMARA LINN. LEAVES EXTRACTS

TABLE 2: QUALITATIVE CHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF L. CAMARA LINN. (VERBENACEAE)

TABLE 3: OBSERVATION OF THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY

TABLE 4: ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF LANATA CAMARA LEAVES EXTRACT

CONCLUSION: Phytochemical investigation of methanol and aqueous extract were carried out which shows presence of tannins, steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, proteins, glycosides chromatographic study of the extract was carried out where the extract selected on the basis of chemical investigation, anthelmintic activity of methanol and aqueous extracts were studied by using Pheretima Posthuma. This study shows that methanolic extract shows potent inhibitory activity as compared to aqueous extract.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: Nil

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: Nil

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    How to cite this article:

    Jayant PS and Mahadev ND: Phytochemical investigation and anthelmentic activity of Lanata camara. Int J Pharmacognosy 2018; 5(8): 536-38. doi link: http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.IJP.5(8).536-38.

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