A SCHEMATIC REVIEW ON AJWAIN AND ITS BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE

Trachyspermum ammi (L), often known as “Ajwain,” is a herbal remedy that has been used in the Unani school of medicine for millennia to treat a variety of diseases. It belongs to the Apiaceae family. The plant is around 90 cm tall. Its fruit is utilized as a spice around the world. Its fruit is utilized as a spice around the world. The fruit’s morphological traits include two mericarps with bifid stylopods and five light-colored ridges. It is ovoid, has a sharp flavor, an aromatic odor, and is greyish-brown in appearance. It measures 2 meters in length and 1 millimeter in width. The temperature of the Unani text states that the fruit is hot and dry thirty. The majority of Ajwain’s components each have unique pharmacological effects. One highly helpful ingredient found in Ajwain seed oil is called turbulence. Ajwain demonstrates a variety of properties, including hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, antispasmodic, antiflatulent, antihelminthic, antiplatelet, bronchodilation, antiulcer, antitussive, analgesic, and others. Additional research indicates the existence of a variety of phytochemical constituents, including but not limited to carbohydrates, glycosides, saponins, phenolic compounds, protein, fat, fiber, volatile oil (thymol, γ-terpinene, para-cymene, and α- and β-pinene), and mineral matter that includes calcium, phosphorous, iron, and nicotinic acid. These investigations demonstrate the diverse pharmacological effects and medicinally active chemical content of T. ammi.