A REVIEW: HERBAL COSMETICS – SKIN AND HAIR
HTML Full TextA REVIEW: HERBAL COSMETICS – SKIN AND HAIR
Santosh S. Bansode, Jyoti D. Anap *, Suvarna S. Dhone, Diksha B. Pansare and Namrata B. Pangavhane
Dr. Kolpe Institute of Pharmacy, Kolpewadi, Kopergaon, Maharashtra, India.
ABSTRACT: As old as humanity and civilization itself, the idea of beauty and their cosmetics. Humans have used herbs for many different things, including food, medicine, and cosmetics. Examples of herbal plants whose isolated compounds have been studied for their ability to treat dry skin include aloe vera and coconut oil. The anti-aging properties of plants like ginkgo and carrot have been researched. Green tea and turmeric were researched for their ability to protect the skin. Studies on the anti-dandruff properties of herbal plants like henna, neem and shikakai have been conducted. The natural ingredients in hair cosmetics offer the hair a glossy, smooth appearance and help treat a range of hair problems such as alopecia. Cosmetics by themselves are not enough to care for skin and other body parts; a combination of active ingredients is needed to stop skin damage and ageing. Beauty items are referred as a herbal cosmetics which, as a result of the herbal element, possesses favourable physiological activities like healing, smoothing appearance, boosting, and conditioning qualities. Here, we discussed the history of herbal cosmetics, their classification, their advantages, and the herbs used in these products to cure skin and hair problems.
Keywords: Herbal cosmetics, Skin care, Hair care, Herbs etc
INTRODUCTION: The Drugs and Cosmetics act defines cosmetics as anything that is meant to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, sprayed, or otherwise applied to the human body or any portion of it in order to clean, enhance beauty, promote attractiveness, or change appearance 1. Products that are formulated using various Cosmetic Ingredients that are permitted to form a base in which more than one Herbal Ingredient are used" is how herbal cosmetics are defined. That is used to Provide Specified Cosmetic Benefits Only 2.
In prehistoric times, around 3000 B.C., man utilised colour as adornment to draw the animals he wanted to hunt. He also used colour to shield himself from assault by the adversary by decorating his body and colouring his skin to make the enemy (whether a man or an animal) fear him. Cosmetics’ early history was entwined with superstition, religion, fighting, hunting, and other activities 3.
There has been a significant variance in how herbal cosmetics are used on a daily basis. Herbal soaps, polyhedral soaps, herbal conditioner, face washes, shampoos, lip balms, eye care, and many other products are included. The fact that all of the ingredients in herbal cosmetics are natural is the most crucial and significant aspect of their manufacture. These substances have no negative skin reactions that affect the body 4.
In commercial cosmetic formulation, botanical extracts that maintain the texture and integrity of skin and hair are frequently employed 5.
Herbal Cosmetics: Products marketed as herbal cosmetics are composed of a range of acceptable cosmetic components as the foundation plus one or more herbal elements that are used exclusively to give particular cosmetic benefits.
Preparation of Cosmetics: Formulations are mainly divided into three categories -
Solid: Talcum powder, face powder, fare packs, masks, compact Powder, pastes etc.
Semi-Solid: creams, liniments, ointment, wax base, creams etc.
Liquid: Lotion, moisturizers, hair oil, shampoos etc 6.
Classification of Cosmetics:
Cosmetics for the Skin:
- Creams
- Lubricants lubricating or emollient Cream -night cream
- Skin protective & hand cream
- Vanishing cream -foundation cream
- Cosmetics lotions
- Miscellaneous creams
- Cosmetics lotions
- Hand Lotion
- Skin toning lotion-skin fresheners
- Astringent lotions
- Sun Screen
- Make-up preparation
- Lipstick
- Sunburn external medicines
Cosmetics for the Hairs:
- Hair preparation
- Shampoos
- Rinses & conditioners.
- Oily scalp hair tonics
- Hair dressing
- Fixatives
- Bleaches
- Depilatories
- Herbal cosmetics for various types of skin
For Dry Skin:
Example: cord folia (manjista), Triphla Tulsi
Fruit Face Mask:
Example: Banana or avocado pulp etc
For Sensitive skin:
Example: Triphala, Nimba in coconut oil etc
For Oily Skin:
Example: Tulsi, Idhova, Nimba, curcuma longa etc 7.
TABLE 1: HERBS FOR SKIN COSMETICS
Latin name | Common name | Part used | Uses |
Acoruscalamus | Sweet flag | Rahizome | Aromatic, Dusting Powder, skin Lotions |
Allium sativum | Garlic | Bulb | Promote Skin healing, Antibacterial |
Aloe vera | Aloe | Leaf | Moisturizer, sun screen Emollient |
Alpinia galangal | Galangal | Rahizome | Aromatic, Dusting powder |
Avena sativa | Oat | Fruit | Moisturizer, skin tonic |
Azadirachtaindica | Neem | Leaf | Antiseptic, reduce dark spots, antibacterial |
Calendula officinalis | Marigold | Flower | Skin care, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic |
Centellaasiatica | Gotu gola | Plant | Bound healing, reduce stretch marks creams |
Cichoriumintybus | Chikori | Seed | Clear skin of blemishes |
Citrus aurantium | Orange | Peel | Skin creams, anti-acne, antibacterial |
Curcuma longa | Turmeric | Rahizome | Antibacterial, antimicrobial skin creams |
Cyperusrotundus | Nagarmotha | Root | Suntan, astringent, anti-inflammatory |
Daucuscarota | Carrot | Seed | Natural source of Vit. A, creams |
Euphorbia hirta | Spurge herbs | Entire | Skin diseases, cracked lips |
Rubiacordifolia | Manjistha | Root | Wound healing, Lighten pigmentation marks |
TABLE 2: HERBS FOR HAIR COSMETICS
Latin name | Common name | Part used | Uses |
Aloe Vera | Aloe | Leaf | Moisturizer, shampoos |
Azadirachtaindica | Neem | Leaf | Antif-atigue graying of hair, Alopecia |
Bacopamonnei | Brahmi | Entire herb | Hair growth, Good for sleep, shampoos |
Cerdus deodar | Deodar | Wood | Soap, shampoos |
Centellaasiatica | Gotu kola | Plant | Hair care, Darkening of hair, hair oil |
Citrus lemon | Lemon | Peel | Prevent hair loss |
Eclipta alba | Bhringraj | Plant | Promoting hair growth, Shampoos, Hair oil |
Emblicaofficinalis | Amla | Fruit | Hair care, prevents grayness, Anti stress |
Hibiscus rosasinesis | China rosa | Flower | Improves hair, prevents premature greyness |
Lawsonia alba | Heena | Leaf | Hair growth, Natural conditiour |
Marticariachamomilla | Chamomile | Flower | Hair tonic |
Moringaoleifera | Benjamin | Seed | Hair oils |
Sapindustrifoliatus | Soap wort | Fruit | Natural detergent, shampoos |
Triticumsativum | Wheat germ | Germ | Natural source of Vit. E, shampoo |
Wedeliacalendulaceae | Bhangra | Entire herb | Hair care, shampoos |
Rosa centifolia | Gulab | Rose | Coolant, Antifatigue |
Acacia concina | Shikakai | Pod | Natural cleansing agent, Detergent |
Herbal Creams and Lotions:
Cold Creams: It is an emulsion in which fat predominates, yet when applied to the skin, the water contained in it evaporates to give a cooling effect. e.g. Almond oil.
Vanishing Creams: Creams that are referred to as foundation crease because they vanish when applied to skin. e.g. cleansing creams- Rose oil
Cleansing Cream: Cleansing cream is an oil-in-water emulsion that rapidly spreads over the skin and melts at body temperature.
Face Lotion: These products, often known as bleaching lotions, genuinely lighten skin like whitening creams do.
Types of Herbal Hair Care Products:
Hair Oil: The hair oils are used to style, nourish, and add grace to the appearance of hairs. The treatment that is utilised to promote healthy hair development. E.g. Arnica, shikakai
Hair Lotion: The hair follicles are stimulated by the use of hair lotion. They are typically perfumed with rosemary oil and other astringents since they have good stimulating properties.
Shampoo: Is surfactant preparation in Suitable for the liquid, solid, or powder, as long as it is used under the specified circumstances Specified will eliminate skin debris, superficial grime, and grease. From the hair shaft and scalp without harming the user’s health or holy scalp 7.
Herbs used in Cosmetic with their Benefits:
Coconut Oil (Cocos nucifera L.): The natural and ayurvedic line of skincare and hair-care products now includes coconut oil. It is a great way to hydrate your body and is even utilised in lip balms.
Along with being an excellent source of moisture for the skin, it has anti-acne qualities. It has a reputation for having penetrative qualities, which guarantee that the oil will reach your skin’s deeper layers and increase moisture. Protein is crucial for hair. Environmental factors including pollution and sun damage cause the majority of hair loss. Coconut oil feeds the hair follicles by penetrating deeply into the hair shaft.
FIG. 1: COCONUT OIL
Benefits of Coconut Oil:
Reduce Acne:
- Moisturizer skin.
- Exfoliates skin.
- Stimulate hair growth.
- Reduces dandruff and lice.
- Prevent breakage.
- Provide a natural shine.
- Act hair protector 8.
Aloe vera: There are no naturally occurring populations of aloevera, a kind of medicinal plant in the liliaceae family, however closely related aloes are present in northern Africa 9. Due to its nourishing, hydrating, and skin-healing gel, which hydrates and repairs your skin and hair when applied, it is a crucial ingredient in many beauty and health products. It has proteolytic enzymes that are ideal for repairing and regenerating cells on the scalp. Due to its healing, moisturising, and softening properties, it is a common ingredient in cosmetic products. Just cut a leaf off of the aloe vera plant to get the soothing gel out. Aloe vera includes antioxidant-active vitamins A, C, E, B, choline, folic acid, and amino acids like leucine and isoleucine. It also has saponin glycosides that have a cleaning effect.
FIG. 2: ALOE VERA
Benefits of Aloe vera:
- Help soothe sunburn.
- Lighetens to moisturize on the face.
- Helps in hair growth.
- Keep dandruff at bay.
- Act as a conditioner to the hair and scalp 10.
Turmeric: Curcuma longa, also known as turmeric, is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant in the ginger family (Zingiberaceae).In numerous Hindu celebrations, turmeric is used. Turmeric improves the qualities of the skin rather than making it darker. Can efficiently remove dark spots without having any negative side effects. Your skin’s Complexation will be enhanced if you combine turmeric with other moisturising nutrients like milk or honey. Hindu brides, in particular, would put turmeric on their bodies to appear radiant. Babies are often given turmeric to rub on their foreheads as a good luck charm. Women typically use turmeric to their cheeks to create a glowing natural golden colour.
FIG. 3: TURMERIC
Benefits of Turmeric:
- Treat acne.
- Banishes dark circles.
- Lighetens scare and marks.
- Moisturises dry skin.
- Prevent early signs of aging.
- Fight of severe skin conditions 11.
Green Tea: Green tea is a specialty skin protectant that is prepared exclusively from the leaves of the Camelia sinensis plant, which is a member of the Theaceae family. Green tea can be eaten topically, as a beverage, or as a food supplement. It is Contain Vitamin E That is known for it's ability to nourish and hydrate the skin. It is not only moisturises the skin, it also brightens and repairs it. This chemical lightens dark spots, acne scars, and other skin irritations brought on by environmental aggressors and helps to repair UV damage.
FIG. 4: GREEN TEA
Benefits of Green Tea:
- Reduces skin inflammation
- Treats acne
- Exfoliates gently
- Hydrates the skin 12
Henna: The most popular is henna, which is used as a natural hair dye and for temporary body tattoos. Henna has been utilised by eastern cultures for thousands of years and has various medicinal benefits. Cleopatra herself used henna to paint her body.
Henna comes from the Lawsonia inermis plant family. Henna powder is made by processing the colourant lawsone, which is a member of the Lythraceae family. Gallic acid, glucose, mannitol, lipids, resin (2%), mucin, and trace amounts of an alkaloid are present in addition to lawsone.
The plant produces henatannic acid and an olive oil-green resin that is present in the leaves and soluble in ether and alcohol. It adds thick, glossy texture and lustrous shine. Henna can help with wrinkles, fine lines, and other signs of ageing. Scars, dark spots, and other skin flaws are greatly lessened.
FIG. 5: HENNA
Benefits of Henna:
- It enhances hair growth
- Repair and strengthen hair
- Regulates oil secretion
- Conditions hair
- Hel prevent dandruff 13
Avacado Oil: The avocado is also known as Persea americana. Avocado oil is a source of vitamin E, vitamin D, B-carotene, protein, fatty acids, and lecithin. When added to formulations, avocado oil provides outstanding benefits everything from plants to avocado oil. Two examples of herbal excipients that calm and shield the skin are comfrey and rosemary.
FIG. 6: AVACADO OIL
Benefits of Avacado Oil:
- Calm itchy skin
- Heal chapped skin
- Replenish dry skin
- Protect against skin damage
Ginkgo biloba: The ginkgo tree is the source of Ginkgo biloba, a plant that belongs to the Ginkgoaceae family. It is perfect. It is a circulatory tonic and is particularly good at bolstering the tiny capillaries that link the brain to all other organs. Its leaves were used to make an extremely beneficial extract for the skin. A pure mixture created from the tree's leaves is the G. biloba Extract EGb 761. Terpenes (6%), which have shown the ability to be extracted from the leaves of linermis, and flavone glycosides (33%), which are largely derivatives of quercetin and kaempferol, have shown significant antifungal and antibacterial effect.
FIG. 7: GINKGO BILOBA
Benefits of Ginkgo biloba:
- Prevent premature aging
- Has anti- inflammatory properties
- Helps with hyper- pigmentation
- Increase collagen production
Can repair damaged bor irritated skin.
Neem: Neem, commonly referred to as margosa, is the botanical relative of mahogany. It belongs to the family Meliaceae. Neem's latinized name, Azadirachta indica, is a translation from Persian.
Neem produces chemicals that are antifungal, antibacterial, pain-relieving, and anti-compound, which is why it is utilised in dandruff treatments.
FIG. 8: NEEM
Benefits of Neem:
- Moisturises the skin
- Soothes inflamed and irritated skin
- Fight multiple sign of premature aging
- Tackles blackheads and white heads
- Treats uneven skin tone
- Protect against environmental damage 13
Almond oil: It contains large amounts of phytochemicals, fibre, vitamins, fats, and minerals. Sweet almond oil is better for your skin than other types. It has advantageous components like zinc, vitamins A and E, and omega 3, which contains retinol and antioxidants in addition to useful vitamins.
FIG. 9: ALMOND
Benefits of Almond:
- Remove dandruff
- Remove dead cells from the scalp
- Moisturises the skin
- Elements deals with skin concerns 13
Shikakai: Herbis, scientifically known as Acacia Concinna, is a climbing plant that encourages the growth of hair. Controls dandruff, lessens skin conditions, and reduces hair loss. These soap pods are used to wash the scalp and strengthen the hair from the roots since they contain natural surfactants. Providing comfort for scaling. It works like magic on hair. A medicinal plant known as Acacia concinna Linn. (Leguminosae) grows in southern Asian tropical rainforests. The fruits of this plant are used as a purgative, expectorant, emetic, and for increasing hair growth. There are saponins, alkaloids, sugar, tannin, flavonoids, and anthraquinone glycosides in the powder of Acacia concinna Linn.
FIG. 10: SHIKAKAI
Benefits of Shikakai:
- Impart shine and softness to hair
- Remove hair lice and dandruff
- Provide stronger and thicker hair
- Heals infection
- Nourishes hair follicles 13
Carrot: This vegetable is made from the Daucus carota plant, which is a member of the Apiaceae family. Carrot seed oil is utilised as an anti-aging, renewing, and wrinkle-reducing agent. It encourages the growth of new cells. As a natural toner, it 26.
FIG. 11: CARROT
Benefits of Carrot:
- Carrot strengthens resistance to ultraviolet (UV) rays.
- Premature aging and wrinkling.
- It contains natural oil which moisturises the skin.
- It contains vitamin C 13.
Sandalwood: A potent antibacterial, emollient, and anti-inflammatory ingredient is sandalwood. It has cooling qualities and is believed to ease the Pitta dosha in Ayurvedic scriptures. In addition to preventing infection in regions with acne, cuts, or small wounds, sandalwood's antiseptic properties also help keep the skin clean by preventing the growth of bacteria.
FIG. 12: SANDALWOOD
Benefits of Sandalwood:
- Sooth inflammatory skin conditions like eczema, dermatitis and psoriasis.
- it has cooling properties
- A painful sunburn or prickly heat can be quickly cooled down
CONCLUSION: In the morden medicinal preparations, herbs are crucial to a rise in herbal interest is a proponent of the movement for lifestyle reform. These herbal-based cosmetics are currently the focus of the personal care market. Utilising bioactive substances in cosmetics affects the biological processes of the skin and supplies it with the nutrients it needs to maintain healthy skin and hair. The best way to lessen skin and hair issues is to use cosmetics. The market for herbal cosmetics is rapidly growing. Herbal cosmetics require the quality control test to be conducted. Longer amounts of time are considered to be safe.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: Nil
CONFLICT OF INTEREST: Nil
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How to cite this article:
Bansode SS, Anap JD, Dhone SS, Pansare DB and Pangavhane NB: A review: herbal cosmetics – skin and hair. Int J Pharmacognosy 2024; 11(5): 182-89. doi link: http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.IJP.11(5).182-89.
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Santosh S. Bansode, Jyoti D. Anap *, Suvarna S. Dhone, Diksha B. Pansare and Namrata B. Pangavhane
Dr. Kolpe Institute of Pharmacy, Kolpewadi, Kopergaon, Maharashtra, India.
anapjyoti123@gmail.com
29 April 2024
27 May 2024
29 May 2024
10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.IJP.11(5).182-89
31 May 2024