EFFECTIVITY OF STARVATION ON DIGESTIVE ENZYME OF FEMALE HOLOTRICHIA SERRATA (FAB) (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE)
HTML Full TextEFFECTIVITY OF STARVATION ON DIGESTIVE ENZYME OF FEMALE HOLOTRICHIA SERRATA (FAB) (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE)
S. V. Theurkar
Department of Zoology, Hutatma Rajguru Mahavidyalaya, University of Pune, Rajgurunagar - 410505, Maharashtra, India.
ABSTRACT: The effect of starvation on the digestive enzymes of female Holotrichia serrata (Fab) shows that there are considerable general reductions in enzymatic activities except in a lipase in both gut sections; however there are considerable increases of soluble proteins, both the gut section homogenates of the starved female. The maximum reduction of protease is 83% in a hindgut and 86% in the midgut followed by invertase which is 59% in a midgut and 50% in the hindgut and trehalose 62% hindgut and 51% in the midgut. The lipase is 80% reduction in a hindgut and 41% in the midgut in a starved female. In the starved female, Lipase showing the significant decrease in activity of 11% in a hindgut and 5% increase in the midgut.
Keywords: |
Starvation, enzymes, Holotrichia serrata, Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae
INTRODUCTION: Insects have been used only to a minimal degree in a study and stress reaction 1. The role starvation as an aspect of nutritional diseases and predisposing factor for infectious diseases has been considered 2, 3. In silkworm Bombyx mori the cell breakdown resulting from starvation may significantly increase enzyme activity lipase is said to increase markedly on the second day of starvation of the decrease gradually 4. Amylase activity did not increase. It seems likely that ingested food serves as a stimulus to enzyme secretion.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The freshly emerged unfed female adults were collected from their natural habitat and mentioned in the laboratory in the wet earthen pot without giving food.
Scarabaeidae adults were collected from leaves of host plants like Neem, Babhul, Khair, Ber, etc. the Holotrichia serrata (Fab) is most abundant species found in Khed Taluka which is part of Northern Western Ghats (MS), India 5. The earthen pots were placed in each cage, filled with sandy loam soil slips during monsoon season 6.
Soil temperature and moisture were maintained daily into the experimental time. Another lot of beetles collected from the same field on the same day similarly mentioned in the laboratory, but the tender leaves of neem were supplied to them as food. To study the effect of starvation on digestive enzymes like amylase, invertase, trehalase, protease and lipase, 15 days starved and well fed individual male Holotrichia serrata (Fab) having approximately similar weights were considered. The adult was dissected in cold solution and separated their midgut and hindgut. The homogenates of pooled tissue were prepared in 0.9% chilled NaCl, centrifuged for 15 min at 10000 rpm. The aliquots of supernatents were used as enzymes amylase invertase, trehalase was determined by using 3-5 dinitrosalicid (DNSA) reagent 7. Protease the procedure is used for the determination of the protease activity 8. The absorbance of the reaction mixture was read using UV spectrophotometer at 280 mm against control. Lipase activity was measured 9.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The present study investigates that, there is in considerable general reduction of digestive enzymes activity in both gut section, excepting lipase which is least affected by the starvation. It showed a slight increase in the midgut section and a slight reduction in hindgut. In case of amylase, reduction is a maximum in hindgut as compared to midgut, in case of invertase decreasing activity in midgut than hindgut. The trehalase reduction of activity due to starvation is more or less in both gut section. The reduction of protease is 83% in a hindgut and 86% in midgut followed by invertase which is 59% in a midgut and 50% in the hindgut and trehalose 62% hindgut and 51% in midgut. The lipase is 80% reduction in a hindgut and 41% in midgut in a starved female. In the starved female, Lipase showing the significant decrease in activity of 11% in a hindgut and 5% increase in the midgut.
The protease is about 80% reduction was noted in both gut section starvation is the one type of environmental stress that insect is likely to exposed during their growth and development 10, 11. The role of starvation as an aspect of nutritional disease predisposing factor for infectious disease has been considered 2, 3. In the literature of insect, digestion tract has been consider as per secretion of digestive enzymes. It has been reported 10, 11 in reaches Bluttela and Periplaneta that the numbers of cytoplasmic globules were increased in hindgut due to starvation, but this was not correlated with the corresponding increase of the digestive enzyme activity.
TABLE 1: EFFECT OF STARVATION ON DIGESTIVE ENZYMES OF HOLOTRICHIA SERRATA (FAB) FEMALE ADULT
S. no. | Enzymes | Control female Midgut | Starved female Midgut | Control female Hindgut | Starved female Hindgut |
1 | Amylase mg Maltose/ mg Protein/ hr | 26400 ± 1235.5 | 13217 ± 1290 | 62857 ± 2353.3 | 12373 ± 346.6 |
2 | Invertase mg Glucose/ mg
Protein/ hr |
363.00 ± 30.58 | 146.92 ±10.47 | 282.85 ± 21.99 | 140.80 ± 14.84 |
3 | Trehalase mg Glucose/ mg
Protein/ hr |
369.00 ± 16.5 | 192.83 ± 10.82 | 188.57 ± 30.92 | 70.40 ± 14.24 |
4 | Protease mg Tyrosin/ mg
Protein/ hr |
13219.19 ± 151.60 | 2235.13 ± 58.74 | 5315.65 ± 217.80 | 739.83 ± 39.83 |
5 | Lipase mg Palmatic acid/ mg
Protein/ hr |
324 ± 28.12 | 340.52 ± 40.18 | 888.68 ± 79.51 | 783.3 ± 88.11 |
CONCLUSION: There was a considerable reduction of digestive enzymes level of amylase invertase and protease is 15 days starvation with the result of earlier workers. There was in the considerable general reduction of digestive enzyme level in both gut section except lipase which is least affected by 15 days starvation which is showed a slight increase in the midgut.
The most affected enzyme was protease followed by amylase, invertase, and trehalase in both midgut and hindgut respectively.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: The author is thankful to the Chairmen, the Secretary K.T.S.P. Mandal’s, Principal of Hutatma Rajguru Mahavidyalaya, Rajgurunagar and Head of the Department of Zoology, Hutatma Rajguru Mahavidyalaya, Rajgurunagar. The author is also thankful to the authorities of Pune University, Pune for providing necessary laboratory and facilities to complete this research work.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST: Nil
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How to cite this article:
Theurkar SV: Digestive. Effectivity of starvation on enzyme of female Holotrichia serrata (Fab) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Int J Pharmacognosy 2014; 1(7): 454-56. doi: 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.1(7).454-56.
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Article Information
8
454-456
446
1370
English
IJP
S. V. Theurkar
Department of Zoology, Hutatma Rajguru Mahavidyalaya, University of Pune, Rajgurunagar, Maharashtra, India.
svtheurkar@yahoo.co.in
19 April 2014
22 June 2014
28 June 2014
http://dx.doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.IJP.1(7).454-56
01 July 2014